Cristina Silva-Buriticá, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
Laura Herrera-Vélez, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
Valeria Ortegón-Ayala, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
Diego Rosselli, Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide; however, data on ACS in Colombia is limited and outdated. Objective: To determine the prevalence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Colombia, using a nationally representative database, as well as its association with its main comorbidities: hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes, sleep apnea, peripheral artery disease (PAD), and atrial fibrillation (AF), by age group and sex. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study used data from the Ministry of Health for the period 2019-2023, including all individuals aged 20-100 who had any contact with the healthcare system. The 5-year prevalence of ACS and each of the conditions of interest was estimated and analyzed by sex and 10-year age groups. Subsequently, prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated for ACS for each comorbidity. Results: During the 5-year period, 247,818 individuals (58% males), from a total population of 34,985,391, were diagnosed with ACS; mean age was 64.2 in males and 66.5 in females. Overall five-year prevalence was 7.1 cases per 1000 individuals aged over 20 (males 8.9; females 5.6). Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity were more prevalent in females. The highest PRs were AF (13.5), followed by PAD (10.1), hypertension (9.8), diabetes (4.8), sleep apnea (3.2), obesity (1.5), and dyslipidemia (1.5). PRs were higher in the younger population and in males. Conclusions: This large nationwide database shows the magnitude of the association of ACS to a set of chronic conditions.
Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome. Atrial fibrillation. Epidemiology. Hypertension. Peripheral arterial disease. Sleep apnea syndromes.
